This book is designed to provide a comprehensive overview of the interrelationships between human activities and the physical environment, as well as the economic processes that shape our world. It covers topics such as population dynamics, urbanization, economic development, resource management, and spatial analysis. The content emphasizes the impact of human activities on the environment and explores how geographical factors influence economic systems. Through detailed explanations and case studies, readers will gain a deeper understanding of the complex interactions between geography, society, and the economy.